(alkysulfonamido) arylhydrazines



Patented Dec. 22, 1953 UNITED-.. S TAT;E.S PATENT OFFICE (ALKYSULEONAMIDO) ARYLHYDRAZINES Arnold "Weissberger, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N.'Y., ..a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application April 29', --1950,' F

' SerialNo. 159,143.91

Thisinvention. relates to ,.(alkylsulfonamido)i ,1 aryl hydrazines and to a process forrpreparingn the,same....

The allergenic properties of phenylhydrazineu.

ancLother. hydrazines is ,well. known. .In. theart of .photography the .use ofthe. hydrazines has beenrlimitedto a. certainextent bythe fact .that,.. it is practicallyimpossibleto preventlthe .worker fromcoming. into. .contact with they hydrazines and thereby developing an. allergy forthe mate-. rialsgenerally manifested .by dermatitis. Recent advances in photographyto bedescribed in more.

detail here nafter, have indicated the importance of the hydrazines. andhave. stimulated efforts to lower the allergenic properties. of the. hydrazines.

I have now succeededin preparing .(alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazines and havefurther found, that these (alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazines,

possessmarkedly lower allergenic properties.

The (alkylsulfonamido) ,arylhydrazines can be representedby thegeneral formula. i

H2NHN -'D-'-NHSO'2R whereinD represents an -arylene, groupliof the benzeneseries, .e. g., phe'nylene,'substituted or not,.e. g., with alkyl, halogen, etc; and. R represents. an alkyl group, e. 'g., methyl, ethy1,..npro-1 pyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, etc.

A particularly. efiicacious group of these new compounds can .be represented by the. general formula I-IzNHN'-D+NHSO2R wherein .D .is as above-mentioned .andi'aB repree sentsanalkyl groupof from lto 4Vcarbonatoms;

a, m y ethyl, :n-pr pyl: s propy1,..n-buty 1.,

isobutyl, etc.

The water-soluble; salts .orlacidtaddition prod: ucts '01 the";.(alkylsulfonamidolyarylhydrazines comprise a part of my;:invention,. e. g., the;-(alky sulfonamido) arylhydrazine: "chlorides', i br mides, sulfates, nitrates; acetates,.:phosphates;=sr;;

citrates, borates,.;etc.:-..

(Alkylsulfonamidoy .arylhydrazines representep ed'by the general formulas arm-for :examplej. m-(metliylsulfonamidoy phenylhydrazlne p-(methylsulfionamiclo) .phenylhydraz-ine NHNH:

p- (ethylsulfoiiamidoj'y phenyll ydra'zine- NHNEI' "L NHSUiC'zHwI. omethylsulfonhmido) phenylhydrazine' NH NH2 In accordance-with my invention the (alkylsulfonamidol. phenylhydrazines are prepared by re-- duction pof -(alkylsulfonamido)- aryldiazonium.-,.; salts. .'-iThat.is, ,an,..(alkylsulfonamido). arylamine e. .g.,. an-.m-lalkylsulfonamido) aniline is *dissolvedn-iniwaterl-as .theacid salt, particularly the.-

hydrochloride. (methods employing the aniline excess-ofsodium.nitritesolution.whichyields a .1

solution .of the..(alkylsulfonamido)= ,aryldiazonium. salt .;,.At this point, any excess of nitrous acidcan. .1 be destroyed by addition of sulfamic 4 acid. ,The"; resulting .diazonium' salt can be vrepresented by thefollowing fineral formula:

wherein D and-R arearylene and" alkylgroups respectivelyats above-mentioned, and-X represent-San anionparticularly of a mineral acid; e; 'g.,. chloride,: phosphate,.sul-fate, nitrateyetc: a 2; processjto beYdeSC-ribed-in more detail :hereinafteryi; whereinw after format-ionz'of an alkylsulfonamidmr aryldiazoniumasalte. g.,: the hydrochloride, and- 1 thesaltis converted to the; (alkylsulf.onamido),.. aryldiazosulfonate x in the general formula.rep-.

resentstha anion ,.-i.-SO3M, wherein vMis an: alkali,

meta1,..e. g.,;.sodium;Qr potassium.....

A .particu1arly....e ficacious ,group ,of these; di-jg. azonium salts can be represented bythe general ;.i formula) wherein D is as above-mentioned and R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to a carbon atoms such as above-mentioned.

After standing for a short time, about -15 minutes, there is then gradually added to the cold (alkylsulfcnamido) aryldiazonium salt solution (0 to 15 0.) two molecular equivalents plus about excess of stannous chloride in cold concentrated hydrochloric acid as a result of which crystals of (alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazine tin salt or of the (alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazine hydrochloride soon appear. These crystals are then filtered off, washed with dilute hydrochloric acid solution (about 1 part acid per 1 to 1.5 parts water) at about C. The tin salt can be dried for later use or at once dissolved in water and hydrogen sulfide passed into the solution to decompose the tin salt. The (alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazine hydrochloride may be treated likewise with hydrogen sulfide to remove traces of tin chlorides and other tin salts. The tin sulfides formed are then filtered off and the filtrate concentrated. Difliculty may be experienced in crystallizing the resultant (alkylsulfonamide) arylhydrazine, however, the methods set forth in detail in the following examples can be used with success to isolate the product either as the free hydrazine Or as the salt.

Alternately, after diazotization of the (alkylsulfonamido)-aniline the solution can be added to a solution of alkali metal sulfite, e. g., sodium sulfite, containing an insuficient amount or" sodium sulfite (l-molecular equivalent) to reduce the diazonium salt, to form the (alkylsulfonamido) -aryl diazosulfonate susp nded in the solution which is then filtered off, dissolved in aqueous acetic acid solution and reduced with zinc dust and acid such as acetic acid to the hydrazinesulfonate which separates out as a white crystalline solid. After filtering oi the hydrazinesuspending the same in absolute alcohol and While heating, passing in gaseous hydrogen chloride for about /2 to 1 hour. No appreciable visible change in the system occurs during this time, and the suspension of the (alkylsulfonarnidolaniline hydraainesulfonate is thereby converted to a suspension of the corresponding (alkylsulionamido)-aryl hydrazine hydrochloride from which the same can be obtained in a high degree of purity by filtration.

In accordance with the invention the (alkylsulfonamido) aryl-hydrazines can also be prepared by adding a cold solution of an (alkylsulfonamido) aryldiazonium salt, such as the chloride salt, prepared as above-described, to a cold solution of an alkali metal sulfite, e. g., sodium sulfite to reduce the diazonium salt directly to the corresponding (alkylsulfonamido) aryl-hydrazine hydrochloride. Following this, the product can be obtained in high purity by concentration of the solution and precipitating the product with cold concentrated hydrochloric acid and filtering.

The following examples will serve to further illustrate the preparations of the above hydrazines and the intermediates used in preparing the hydrazines.

Example 1.--p- (M ethylsulionamido) -;nhenylhydrazine A solution of 9.3 g. (0.05 mole) of p-(methylsulfonamido) -a'niline in 47 cc. of warm water was treated with cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and cooled to 0-5" while stirring. A solution of 3.8 g. (0.055 mole) of sodium nitrite in 10 cc. of water was then added dropwise over a period of 15 minutes. After 15 minutes longer, the excess nitrous acid was destroyed by addition of pulverized suliamic acid.

The solution was stirred in the ice salt bath while adding an ice-cold solution of 24.8 g. (0.11 mole) of stannous chloride dihydrate in 61 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid over a period of 15 minutes, keeping the temperature below 10". After stirring for /2 hour longer in the coolbath, the white crystals were collected on a glass cloth and washed with cc. of ice-cold hydrochloric acid solution (1 part concentrated to 1.5 part water). The moist solid was dissolved in cc. of warm water and hydrogen sulfide was passed in to precipitate sulfides of tin. The latter were removed by filtration and the nearly colorless filtrate was concentrated under avacuum.

The moist residue was slurried with 50 cc. of absolute ethanol and the latter was distilled ofi under vacuum. Ihe residue was slurried once more with 50 cc. of absolute ethanol, chilled and collected. The white crystals were washed with absolute ethanol and dried, giving 7.2 g. (61%).

A concentration of the mother liquor and washings, re-slurrying with 15 cc. absolute ethanol and chillin gave an additional 0.5 g. The total yield was thus 7.7 g. (65%) The starting material for the above process, p-(methylsulfonamido) -ani1ine, was prepared by reaction of equal parts of p-nitroaniline and methanesulfonyl chloride in dry dioxane, as follows:

A suspension or 138 g. (0.7 mole) of p-nitroaniline in 250 cc. of dry dioxane at 35 was treated with 55.4 g. (0.7 mole) of dry pyridine, giving a nearly complete solution. Methanesulfonyl chloride (80.6 g.; 0.7 mole) in cc. of dry dioxane was added overa 20 minute period while stirring and holding the temperature at 35-46? by running water. The mixture stirred /2 hour longer, stood overnight and was then heated for 3 hours on a steam bath. The cooled reaction mixture was poured into 1 kg. of ice in 2-1. of

water. The yellow solid was collected on a 12.5 cm. Buchrner funnel, washed with 500 cc. of cold water and then dried. The yield was 140 g., M. P. 167-177". Recrystallization from 1100 cc. of 95% alcohol gave 113 g., M. P. 178-181". Concentration of the filtrate gave 18.2 M. P. lath. Extraction of the latter with two 100 cc. portions of hot 10% sodium carbonate solution, chilling, filtering, then acidifying the filtrate, gave 4 g. more product melting at 179-181".

The total yield of satisfactory material was thus 117 g. (77.5%). A second crystallization (recovery 87%) raises the melting point to ISO-2.

The resultant p (methylsulionamido)-nitrobenzene was reduced to p-(methylsulfcnamido) aniline as follows:

A mixture of 50 g. (0.23 mole of p-(methylsulfonamido)-nitrobenzene, cc. of absolute ethanol and Raney nickel catalyst was treated terials.

Example -.(Meihylsulfiqztdmidq) whe hydrazine Maia-EC] harm,

. Dlazonlum'salt' terminal iSJlGlaZHz'Q: 1'

NHSOrQEa Asolution of'2.'23 g. (0.0 1 mole) of ri -(methylsulfonamido -aniline hydrochloride in 945 -cc.,-of slightly warm water was treated with 3.0 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and cooled to -10 to -5* while stirring. A solution of 0. -6 g. (0.011, mole) of sodium nitrite in'2:.0 cc. of water was added dropwise over a, period of '10 minutes. After .5 minutes longer, :the diazonium solution was treatedat 'l0 too with 4;9'g.'.(i0.022:1fi01) of stannouschloride dihydratezin, 12.3 ice. ofcold concentrated hydrochloric. acid dropwise over a period of :20 minutes. After standing r fer /2 'hour longer, whitecrystals .tormed. "These wereeellected after another 30 minutes and washed with a solution of 10 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acidand 100cc. of'water Lat. ..l5;:. The crystals were dried over sulfuric acid in a vacuum desiceater. The yield of tin double, salt of .the hydrazine was 1.5 g., M. P. 195-197", withsoitening at about 190.

The. Itin salt was decomposedby dissolving it .in 15 cc. of water and saturating with .hydregen sulfide. After filtering, .the filtrate concentrated to an oil and repeatedly dissolved in 120 cc. of absolute alcohol and reconcentrated giving anon-crystalline residue weighing 0:85 -g., P. 80-95.

One part-of this residue was covered with 10 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid; Anearly complete solution resulted then crystals began to separate. The mixture was cooled for .one hour at 10, and the solid was collected on a suction funnel and *dried in a vacuum desiccator over sulfuric acid. The yield was 017 part,'M; P. 1'79-181.

calcdior QfinQlNeQcS Calcd: c, 35.4 "Found: eat

H, 5.1 5.2- N, 17.7 N, 17.8

The starting materiaLme (methylsulfonamidn). aniline hydrochloride, prepared as follows:

In a 300 cc. flask, 69.1) g. (10.435, mole) :of .m, nitroaniline,.17..0.cc. .(25.0.g.,.0.2-181mole) rif methe anesulfonyl chloride, and .50 .cc. :of :dry benzene are gentlyboiled.underreflux for *two :hoursthen allowed to cool to room temperature. The Millsture is transferred with the aid of .diethyl ether and dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide toa sepa ratory funnel, shaken, and filtered by suction. The residue is broken up and well washed with ether, dilutesodiumhydroxide, water-until it dissolves, the entire ;reaction mixture being distributed'between about 800. cc. of Water containing 20.0v g. of 97%v sodium hydroxide and about 1200430. of ether.

The aqueous phase is .separated, washed twice with 200 cc. portions of ether swirled with char.- coal, filtered by suction, and acidified with 25.0 cc. of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The pre-. cipitate is collected by suction filtration, well washed with water, and dried at 50. The white powder weighs 32-35 g. (81-88% of thetheoretical yield from 'unrecovered starting material) and melts at 162-164 The resultant m-(methylsulfonamido)enitrobenzene was reduced to the m-(methylsulfonamido)-.aniline by reacting 15 g. of the former with -3 g. of Raney nickel catalyst in 200 cc. of absolute ethyl alcoholunder'aetion of hydrogen at 40 p. s. i ./60"- for four hours, the resulting pressure drop equaling 99-100% of that c/alculated.

'The solution wasthen filtered and after concentration of the solution the free amine can be separated out and recrystallized from butyl alcohol and from water to form white square plates M. B. 91-92. After filtration of the reduction mixture, the filtrate can be saturated with dry hydrogen chloride gas, cooled to 5 C. and the resulting crystals washed with ether and dried. Yield was 12.5 g. (8.1% of the theoretical yield) of 'm- (methylsulionamido) -aniline hydrochloride.

Molecular weight .As previously mentioned, this hydrazine as well as its isomers and'homologues can be prepared as follows:

The p, ('methylsulfonamido) -phenyldiazonium salt solution prepared as described in Example 1 from 69 grams (0.37 mole) of p-(methylsulfonamido)-aniline was poured into a solution of 74 grams (0.5 mole) of potassium sulfite in 350 cc. of water at 10 while stirring. After three hours in the ice bath the bright'yellow plates were collected and washed with 200 cc. of water. The product was potassium p-(methylsulfonamido) phenyldiazosulfonate.

The moist potassium p-methylsulfonamidophenyldiazosulfonate was added to a solution of 74 cc. of glacial acetic acid and cc. of water. This mixture was heated below the boiling point while '25 grams of zinc dust was added over period of 20 minutes. When a colorless reaction mixture was obtained; the zinc was removed by filtration and the filtrate was chilled. The white hair-alike .needles which formed were collected. On the suction funnel the needles changed to granules. They were washed with 3.00 cc. of cold wa'terand dried, .giving88.5 g. (75.6%.).

A-suspension of .11 ,g. (0.035 mole) of the resulting potassium p- (methylsulfonamido) pheng ylhydrazinesulfonate in 50 cc. of absolute ethanol was heated to boiling, then treated with a slow stream-of gaseoushydrogen chloride, for hour. The reaction mixture was filtered hot, washed with 50 cc. of absolute ethanol and dried. The

a Patent 2,563,735, granted August '2, 1951.

yield was 8.1 g. (99%) of p-(methylsulionamidc) phenylhydrazine hydrochloride.

The procedures of Examples 1, 2 and 3 are applicable to the preparation of the other p- (alkylsulfonamido)arylhydrazines and salts thereof represented by the general formulas given above, in which cases the appropriate nitro-. anilines can be selected for reaction with the selected alkyl sulfonylhalide, the alkyl group of which contains preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, e. g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl. etc., followed by reduction of the resulting (alkylsulfonamido) -nitrobenzene, diasotization, and then either reduction of the diazonium salt directly with stannous chloride, sodium sulfite, etc., or conversion of the diazonium salt to the (hazesulfonate, thence to the hydrazosulfonate and finally to the (alkylsulfonamido) arylhydrazine as described.

The hydrazines of the invention are particularly suitable for use in the photographic process of the Ives U. S. patent application, Serial No. 159,150 filed concurrently herewith, now U. S.

According to that process, an emulsion of the internal latent image type, such as that disclosed in the Davey and Knott U. S. application, Serial No. 82,914, filed March 22, 1949, now U. S. Patent 2,592,250, granted April 8, 1952, is exposed and then developed in a developer containing, in addition to developing agent, one of the hydrazines of our invention. The result is to obtain directpositive image in the emulsion layer.

This emulsion is prepared by first forming in the absence of ammonia and in one or more stages silver salt grains consisting at least partly of a silver salt which is more soluble in water than silver bromide, subsequently converting the grains to silver bromide or silver bromo-iodide and if the silver iodide content of the emulsion is less than 6% calculated on the total silver halide, treating such grains with an iodine compound to bring the silver iodide up to at least 6%, ripening preferably in the absence of ammonia and then either washing out some or the soluble salts or washing out the whole of the soluble salts. followed by the addition of soluble salts such as soluble chloride or bromide. An example of an emulsion made in this way is as follows:

Solution No. I:

Inert gelatine grams 2? KCl do 29 are C.

Water "cc.-- 560 Solution No. 2:

KCl grams 10o a Water cc. 52s 45 Solution No. 3:

AgNOa grams 195 a Water cc. 520 at 45 Solution No. 4:

K31 "grams" 169 KI dos- 40 at 45 0. Water cc. 500

Run solutions Nos. 2 and 3 simultaneously into Solution No. 1 in a vessel, taking 90 seconds to do this. Then ripen for 1 minute at 45 0. Next add Solution No. 4., then ripen for 26 minutes at 45 C. Next add 235 grams of inert gelatine (dry). Then ripen at 45 C. for minutes during which time the gelatine dissolves. Set and shred the emulsion and then wash until free from all soluble bromide and then add about 15 3 8 cc. of 10% solution of KCl (by weight), and then add water to make 3 /2 litres.

An internal latent image type of silver halide emulsion may be defined as one which, when a test portion is exposed to a light intensity scale for a fixed time between 1 and 1 second, and developed for 4 minutes at 20 C. in the ordinary, surface developer (Developer 1) exhibits a maximum density not greater than K5 the maximum density obtained when the same emulsion is equally exposed and developed for 3 minutes at 20 C. in an internal type developer (Developer I1). Preferably the maximum density obtained with the surface developer is not greater than ,1 the maximum density obtained when the same emulsion is developed in the internal type cleveloper. Stated conversely, an internal latent image emulsion, when developed in an internal type developer (Developer 11) exhibits a maximum density at least 5, and preferably at least 16. times the maximum density obtained when the same emulsion is exposed in the same way and developed in a surface developer (Developer I).

The process of forming the image in the emulsion is carried out by exposing the internal latent image emulsion layer to an object or image and then placing the exposed emulsion layer directly in a silver halide developing solution containing one or more of the hydrazine compounds, of the present invention or disclosed in the Ives invention. Developing agents suitable for use in the process of my invention include the usual phenolic or aminophenol type developing agents, such as N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulfate, p-benzohydrm quinone, catechol, Z-methyl hydroquinone, 2- chlorohydroquinone, p-aminophenol, and pyrogallol. The developing solution should have a pH of from 10 to 13, depending upon the degree of activity of the particular hydrazine compound which it contains, although the preferred range with most hydrazine compounds is from pH 11 to 101-112.

The following is a typical developer composition:

Water to 1 liter.

An ordinary, surface-type developer, that is, one which develops an image only on the surface of the grains of an internal latent image emulsion, is the following:

Developer I p-I-Iydroxyphenylglycine g 10 Sodium carbonate g Water to 1 liter.

Development time, 4 min. at 20 C.

An internal type developer, that is, one which develops an-image inside the grains of an internal latent image emulsion, is the following:

Developer II Hydroquinone g 15 Monomethyl-p-aminophenol sulfate g 15 Sodium Sulfite (anhydrous) -4 g 50 Potassium bromide g 10 Sodium hydroxide g 25 Sodium thiosulfate (crystals) -g 20 Water to 1 liter.

Development time, 3 min. at 20 C.

9 Iclaim: 1. A water-soluble salt of a hydrazine represented by the formula HNI-IN-D-NHSOzR wherein D represents a divalent mononuclear arylene group of the benzene series and R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

2. A water-soluble salt of a hydrazin represented by the formula NHNH:

NHSOQR wherein R represents an alkyl group group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

3. A water-soluble salt of a hydrazine repre-- sented by the formula NHNH:

NHSOzR wherein R represents an alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

4. A water-soluble salt of m-(methylsulfonamido) -phenylhydrazine.

10 5. A water-soluble salt of p-(methylsulfonamido) -phenylhydrazine.

6. A compound selected from the group consisting of hydrazines represented by the formula phenylhydrazine ARNOLD WEISSBERGER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,424,256 Schmidt et al. July 22, 1947 2,513,826 Sprung et a1. July 4, 1950 2,550,661 Allen May 1, 1951 2,618,656 Thirtle Nov. 18, 1952 OTHER REFERENCES Beilstein Handbuch Organischen Chemie, vol. 15 (1932), pp. 67-68. 

6. A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDRAZINES REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA 